Brick-kiln



(No Model) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

J. E. GAMBLE.

BRICK KILN.

N9. 273,354. Patented Mar.6,1883.

N. PETERS Phmumn n mr, wnbingion, ufC.

(No Model) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. E. GAMBLE.

BRICK KILN.

No.273,354. Patented Mar. 6,1883.

UNITED STATES PATENT OF ICE,

JOHN E. GAMBLE, OF EAST LIVERPOOL, OHIO.

BRICK-KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 273,354, datedMarch 6, 1883.

Application filed November 11, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN E. GAMBLE, of East Liverpool, in the'county of Oolumbiana and State of Ohio, have invented certain new, and useful Improvements in Brick-Kilns; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompany illg drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in kilns for burning both pressed and common bricks, tiles, ordinary and terracotta wares, and other articles of like character, the object being to construct a kiln adapted ,to burn the Whole charge unilormly with regard to quality and with the expenditure of a comparatively small quantity of fuel.

A further object of my invention is to produce a kiln which shall combine simplicity of construction with durability and efliciency in use With these objectsin view myinvention consists in certaindetails of construction and coinbinations of parts, as will be hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims;

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a View representing in elevation the front and rear walls of a kiln constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a view embodying a transverse section through the front. and a similar section through the rear wall of the kiln, the said sections beingtaken respectivevly through the furnaces and through the walls interposed between them. Fig. 3 is a View containing two ground plans of the kiln, one being taken above the fuel-traps and the other below them.

My improved kiln is embodied in a structure consisting of fouruptight double walls inclosingarectaugularchamber,A. ThespacesB,located in the said walls, communicate with each other and with the furnaces, which are situated in the front and rear walls, 0, of the kiln. In virtue of this construction a current of heated air is constantly deflected through the walls of the kiln, which are thereby maintained at a constantly high heat so long as the fires in the furnaces are kept up, the heat radiatedby the said walls into the chamber A operating to maintain the outer portions thereof at a temperature corresponding with that of its central portion, whereby all portions of the charge are burned uniformly with regard to quality and in the same time. This feature of construction renders the kiln especially valuable for burning pressed brick, as the entire charge can be composed of them, thus increasing the capacityof the kiln,whereas in burning bricks of this character in kilns of ordinary construction, which are hotter in the center, they constitute only a portion of the charge, being placed in the center and surrounded by common brick, which are burned with less heat. Inasmuch as the makingof composite charges involves considerableextra expense in the way of labor, pressed bricks can be produced more cheaply in mine than in the old style of kilns. it is also very desirable to have a uniformlyheated chamber for burning ordinary bricks, as it does away with the production of archbricks, which are always produced in the centers ol charges burned in common kilns.

The front and rear walls, O, of the furnaces are provided with extensions D, in which the fuel-traps E and the furnace-doors F and G are located, the combustionchambers H and the ash-pits I being arranged to extend under arches J, formed in the Walls 0. The arched doors F afford access both to the combustioncham bersand to the ash'pits, the grates Kbeing about on a level with the central portionsof the doors. The doors G, which are located above the arches of the doors just mentioned, are designed for introducing into the combustionchambers the fuel employed to start the fur rents of cold air to enter the kiln and chill it and its contents.

The chamber A is covered in by a dome, L, which is provided with apertures M for the escape of the caloric-current, the said tines be- IOO inc adapted to be closed for the purpose of regulating the heat of the chamber when such a course is desirable. The bottom of the said chamber is composed of a series of walls, N, parallel with each other and with the end walls, 0, built upon an earth foundation, P, and having spaces Q between them, which constitute fines, the outer ends of which communicate with the furnaces, while their inner ends terminate in a partition-wall, R, locatedmidway between the front and rear walls of the kiln.

The articles to be burned are laid upon or built up in tiers from the walls N, being arranged to extend across them at right angles, interstices being left to permit the caloric current to rise from the fines or spaces Q.

In virtue of its peculiar construction, my improved kiln will cool offmuch sooner than those of ordinary construction. It requires less fuel to run it, and is very easily managed.

Havingtully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a brick-kiln,the combinatiomwith the end extensions, of the front and rear walls haw in g the furnaces located therein, and provided with the main front doors, G, and the top openings having the tilting antomaticallyclosing traps E, substantially as described.

2. A kiln having parallel walls located on its floor, and separated byspaces communicating with the furnace and forming flnes therefor, substantially as described.

3. In a briclckiln, double front and rear and end walls, the spaces inclosed by them communicating with each other and with the furnaces which are located in the said front and October, 1882.

JOHN E. GAMBLE. Witnesses:

A. H. FLEMING, J. '1. ROBINSON. 

